{"id":10356,"date":"2025-10-31T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-10-31T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ataduyisitme.com\/?p=10356"},"modified":"2025-10-31T10:47:46","modified_gmt":"2025-10-31T07:47:46","slug":"kulak-cinlamasi-tinnitus-tedavi-yontemleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ataduyisitme.com\/en\/kulak-cinlamasi-tinnitus-tedavi-yontemleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Tinnitus (Kulak \u00c7\u0131nlamas\u0131) Nedir? Belirtileri, Nedenleri ve Tedavi Y\u00f6ntemleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u0130NN\u0130TUS NED\u0130R?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Tinnitus d\u0131\u015f bir akustik uyaran olmadan istemsiz olarak sesin alg\u0131lanmas\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. Latincedeki \u2018tinniere\u2019 kelimesinden t\u00fcretilmi\u015ftir ve zil, \u00e7an \u00e7almak anlam\u0131na gelir. Kulak \u00e7\u0131nlamas\u0131 bir kulakta, her iki kulakta, bazen de ba\u015f\u0131n i\u00e7erisinde alg\u0131lan\u0131r.\u201d. Tinnitus\u2019un olu\u015fturdu\u011fu \u00e7\u0131nlama sesi hastalar taraf\u0131ndan f\u0131rt\u0131na, zil, r\u00fczg\u00e2r sesi ve v\u0131z\u0131ldama sesine benzetilebilmektedir. Fakat bu seslerle kulak \u00e7\u0131nlamas\u0131 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0130NN\u0130TUSUN TAR\u0130H\u00c7ES\u0130<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Tarihte tinnitus \u00fczerine bir\u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131l\u0131p bir\u00e7ok tan\u0131 konulmu\u015ftur ancak bu tan\u0131lar\u0131n bir kesinli\u011fi bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Hakl\u0131 olan taraflar\u0131 olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n hi\u00e7biri kesin do\u011fru de\u011fildir.\u0130lk olarak tinnitusa M.\u00d6. 16.yy\u2019da M\u0131s\u0131r kitabelerinde rastlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. O d\u00f6nemde kulak \u00e7\u0131nlamas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilimsel bir a\u00e7\u0131klama olmamakla birlikte cad\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan bir b\u00fcy\u00fc oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tedavi ama\u00e7l\u0131 ilk bilgiler ise M.\u00d6. 400 y\u0131l\u0131nda Hipokrat taraf\u0131ndan kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hipokrat tinnitusu patolojik olan ve kan bas\u0131nc\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olan bir semptom olarak tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha sonra Celcus, kulak \u00e7\u0131nlamas\u0131 i\u015fitme kayb\u0131yla ili\u015fkilendirmi\u015ftir ve bunu i\u015fitme kayb\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funu savunmu\u015ftur. Ard\u0131ndan 17.yy\u2019da Duverney \u00e7\u0131nlaman\u0131n beyin veya kulak hastal\u0131klar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunmu\u015ftur. Ve tinnitusu objektif ve s\u00fcbjektif olmak \u00fczere ikiye ay\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kendi deyimiyle ger\u00e7ek ve yalanc\u0131 kulak \u00e7\u0131nlamas\u0131. Son olarak 18.yy\u2019da Rivinus ve Cotugno orta kulak kaslar\u0131n\u0131n kas\u0131lmas\u0131ndan meydana geldi\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

T\u0130NN\u0130TUSUN EP\u0130DEM\u0130YOLOJ\u0130S\u0130<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Prevelans \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kulak \u00e7\u0131nlamas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 eri\u015fkin toplumun ortalama %10-15\u2019i kadard\u0131r. Buna ra\u011fmen rahats\u0131z edici kulak \u00e7\u0131nlamas\u0131 hastalar\u0131n %3 ila %5 kadarl\u0131k bir oran\u0131 etkiler. Ya\u015fla birlikte \u00e7\u0131nlaman\u0131n hem s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hem de rahats\u0131z edici olma durumu artmaktad\u0131r. En \u00e7ok 40-70 ya\u015f aras\u0131 erkeklerde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Tinnitusu etkileyen fakt\u00f6rler aras\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fken fakt\u00f6r bulundu\u011fu i\u00e7in kesin bir veri saptamas\u0131 yapmak kolay de\u011fildir. Ayr\u0131ca bu s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmay\u0131 yaparken kulak \u00e7\u0131nlamas\u0131 olan her bireyin klini\u011fe ba\u015fvurmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurmak gerekir.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

KULAK \u00c7INLAMASI TANISINDA KULLANILAN Y\u00d6NTEMLER<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcm \u00e7\u0131nlama hastalar\u0131nda ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 KBB ve ba\u015f boyun de\u011ferlendirmesi, genel medikal de\u011ferlendirme, kraniyal sinirlerin muayenesini de i\u00e7eren bir n\u00f6rolojik muayene yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sonras\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok hastal\u0131kta oldu\u011fu gibi \u00e7\u0131nlamada da al\u0131nan iyi bir anamnez de\u011ferlendirmenin \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Olabildi\u011fince ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir anamnez al\u0131nmas\u0131, tan\u0131 ve terapinin temelini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6ncelikle \u00e7\u0131nlaman\u0131n nas\u0131l bir ses oldu\u011fu, nerede lokalize oldu\u011fu, nas\u0131l bir ritim g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi, solunumla, nab\u0131zla ili\u015fkisi, sesin azalmas\u0131na ya da artmas\u0131na neden olan \u00f6zel durumlar, uyku \u00fczerine etkisi, ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, ba\u015f d\u00f6nmesi, i\u015fitme kayb\u0131, kulak t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi odyovestib\u00fcler yak\u0131nmalar\u0131n e\u015flik edip etmedi\u011fi sorgulanmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Daha sonras\u0131nda Saf Ses Odyometri, Timpnometri, ABR ve OAE gibi testler yard\u0131m\u0131yla \u00e7\u0131nlaman\u0131n bir patolojiden dolay\u0131 kaynaklan\u0131p kaynaklanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

KULAK \u00c7INLAMASININ TEDAV\u0130 Y\u00d6NTEMLER\u0130<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

T\u0131bb\u0131n her dal\u0131nda tedavide ilk basamak sebebe y\u00f6nelik tedavidir. Fakat genel olarak \u00e7\u0131nlamada sebep kesin olarak izole edilemez. Sadece %5’inde ger\u00e7ek sebep bulunabilir ve ba\u015far\u0131 ile tedavi edilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Medikal: Medikal tedaviler farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir. \u00d6rnek olarak Meniere hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunan bir ki\u015fide uygulanabilen tedavi y\u00f6ntemleri \u015f\u00f6yledir;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meniere hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n medikal tedavisi i\u015fitme ve \u00e7\u0131nlamada erken evrede iyile\u015fme sa\u011flayabilir. Ge\u00e7 d\u00f6nemde vertigo epizodlar\u0131 azal\u0131rken i\u015fitme kayb\u0131 ve tinnitusta rek\u00fcrrens olur. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuz k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131,di\u00fcretikler, koklear vazodilatat\u00f6rleri i\u00e7eren endolenfatik hidrops tedavisi yap\u0131l\u0131r. Hastan\u0131n \u00e7\u0131nlamas\u0131 pulsatil ve hipertansiyonu varsa antihipertansif tedavi ile kulak \u00e7\u0131nlamas\u0131 kaybolabilir. Uyku sonras\u0131 sabah erken saatlerde \u00e7\u0131nlama oluyorsa sebep hipoglisemide olabilir. Glukozdan zengin sodalar \u00f6nerilir. \u0130ns\u00fclin ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 diabeti olan ki\u015filerde hipoglisemik ataklar olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cerrahi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orta kula\u011f\u0131n rekonstriktif, i\u00e7 kula\u011f\u0131n dekompresif ve destr\u00fcktif cerrehisini i\u00e7erir. Baz\u0131 hastalarda cerrahi tedaviden sonra kulak \u00e7\u0131nlamas\u0131 artar. Bu y\u00fczden tek ba\u015f\u0131na kulak \u00e7\u0131nlamas\u0131 cerrahi endikasyonu de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak en \u00f6nemli ve en ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 tedavi i\u015fitme cihaz\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015fitme Cihazlar\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015fitme cihazlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131nlama tedavisinde ilk kullan\u0131mlar\u0131 1943 y\u0131l\u0131nda Fowler taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6nerilmi\u015ftir. Kulak \u00e7\u0131nlamas\u0131 konusundaki yararlar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da maddelenmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u0130\u015fitmeyi d\u00fczelterek psikolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan faydas\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u0130\u015fitme problemi d\u00fczelince hasta \u00e7\u0131nlamaya daha az dikkatini verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u0130\u015fitme cihazlar\u0131n\u0131n duyurdu\u011fu g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc, tinnitusu komplet veya parsiyel olarak maskeler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz i\u015fitme cihaz\u0131 teknolojilerinde \u2018Tinnitusu Maskeleme\u2019 se\u00e7ene\u011fi bulunur. G\u00fcnde belirli dakika veya saat zarf\u0131nda hastaya hissettirmeden bir maskeleme uygular. Ve d\u00fczenli cihaz kullan\u0131m\u0131 ile kulak \u00e7\u0131nlamas\u0131 sorunu hasta i\u00e7in sona erer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En \u00e7ok verim al\u0131nan y\u00f6ntem i\u015fitme cihaz\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u015fitme cihaz\u0131 sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z di\u011fer y\u00f6ntemler gibi bir hastal\u0131\u011fa veya bir duruma spesifik de\u011fil, genel \u00e7\u0131nlamas\u0131 bulunan hastalara hitap eder. E\u011fer kulak \u00e7\u0131nlaman\u0131z var ise en yak\u0131n klini\u011fimize bekliyoruz. Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 kalman\u0131z dile\u011fiyle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ody. Mustafa Y\u0130LDIZ<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"ATABLOG<\/a>
ATABLOG, \u0130\u015e\u0130TMEYE DA\u0130R BULAB\u0130LECE\u011e\u0130N\u0130Z T\u00dcM B\u0130LG\u0130LER<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u201cGlobal Prevalence and Incidence of Tinnitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis\u201d \u2014 JAMA Neurology, 2022. JAMA Network+1<\/a>
Link: https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamaneurol\/fullarticle\/2795168<\/a>
\u2192 Kulak \u00e7\u0131nlamas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, ya\u015f ve cinsiyet da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 gibi epidemiyolojik veriler i\u00e7eriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cTinnitus Triage Guidelines\u201d \u2014 American Speech\u2011Language\u2011Hearing Association (ASHA). asha.org<\/a>
Link: https:\/\/www.asha.org\/articles\/tinnitus-triage-guidelines\/<\/a>
\u2192 Tinnit\u00fcs \u015fik\u00e2yetiyle ba\u015fvuran hastalar\u0131n ilk de\u011ferlendirilmesi ve y\u00f6nlendirilmesi i\u00e7in klinik y\u00f6nergeler i\u00e7eriyor.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u0130NN\u0130TUS NED\u0130R? Tinnitus d\u0131\u015f bir akustik uyaran olmadan istemsiz olarak sesin alg\u0131lanmas\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. Latincedeki \u2018tinniere\u2019 kelimesinden t\u00fcretilmi\u015ftir ve zil, \u00e7an \u00e7almak anlam\u0131na gelir. Kulak \u00e7\u0131nlamas\u0131 bir kulakta, her iki kulakta, bazen de ba\u015f\u0131n i\u00e7erisinde alg\u0131lan\u0131r.\u201d. Tinnitus\u2019un olu\u015fturdu\u011fu \u00e7\u0131nlama sesi hastalar taraf\u0131ndan f\u0131rt\u0131na, zil, r\u00fczg\u00e2r sesi ve v\u0131z\u0131ldama sesine benzetilebilmektedir. Fakat bu seslerle kulak \u00e7\u0131nlamas\u0131 […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10357,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,1],"tags":[28,83,25,74,82,86,85,70,77,78],"class_list":["post-10356","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saglik","category-genel","tag-ataduy","tag-ataduy-isitme-sagligi","tag-isitme","tag-isitme-kaybi","tag-isitme-kaybi-nedenleri","tag-isitme-sagligi","tag-isitme-sagligini-koruma","tag-kulak-sagligi","tag-odyolog","tag-odyometri"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ataduyisitme.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10356","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ataduyisitme.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ataduyisitme.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ataduyisitme.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ataduyisitme.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10356"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.ataduyisitme.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10356\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10363,"href":"https:\/\/www.ataduyisitme.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10356\/revisions\/10363"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ataduyisitme.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10357"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ataduyisitme.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10356"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ataduyisitme.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10356"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ataduyisitme.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10356"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}